At what distance should aircraft normally switch to the tower during a Case I recovery?

During a Case I recovery, aircraft typically switch to the tower at a distance of 10 nautical miles (NM) from the landing area. This distance is established to allow for effective communication and coordination between the approaching aircraft and the control tower, ensuring that the aircraft can safely complete its approach and landing.

Choosing this distance provides adequate time for the tower controllers to assess the situation, manage the air traffic, and brief the pilot on any instructions or clearances they need to execute a safe landing. At 10 NM, pilots can receive updated information on runway conditions, weather, and any other relevant details critical for landing.

This procedure is part of standard operational protocols for Case I recoveries, which occur under visual flight rules (VFR) when weather conditions are favorable. The timing of the switch is crucial for maintaining an orderly flow of traffic and enhancing situational awareness for both the pilots and air traffic controllers.